Common Car Rear Suspension Frame form Classification

Non-independent suspension system

The structural feature of the Non-independent suspension system is that the two wheels are connected by an integral frame, and the wheels are suspended under the frame or body together with the axle through an elastic suspension system. Independent suspension system has simple structure, low cost, high strength, easy maintenance, driving front wheel positioning change small advantages, but because of its comfort and handling stability are poor, basically no longer used in modern cars, this kind of Car Rear Suspension Frame is used in trucks and buses.

Independent suspension system

Independent suspension is where the wheels on each side are suspended separately under the frame or body by an elastic suspension system. Its advantages are: light weight, reduce the impact of the body, and improve the ground adhesion of the wheel; The soft spring with small stiffness can improve the comfort of the car.The engine position can be reduced, the center of gravity of the vehicle is also reduced, so as to improve the stability of the vehicle; The left and right wheels jump alone, not coherent, can reduce the body of the tilt and vibration. However, the independent suspension system has the advantages of complex structure, high cost and inconvenient maintenance. Modern cars mostly use independent suspension system, according to the different structure form, independent suspension system can be divided into transverse arm type, longitudinal arm type, multi-link type and candle type.

Transverse arm suspension system

The wishbone suspension system refers to the independent suspension system that the wheels swing in the transverse plane of the car. According to the number of the wishbone, it is divided into double wishbone and single wishbone suspension system. Single crossarm has the advantages of simple structure, high roll center and strong roll resistance. But as now with the improvement of automobile speed, too high roll center will cause great change of wheel pitch when the wheel is beating, and the tire wear will be aggravated. Moreover, the vertical force transfer of the left and right wheels is too large when turning sharply, leading to the increase of the rear wheel inclination, reducing the rear wheel side stiffness, and resulting in the serious condition of high-speed tail shaking.

Single wisharm independent suspension system is widely used in rear suspension system, but it is seldom used because it cannot meet the requirements of high-speed driving.

Double arm independent suspension system according to whether the upper and lower arm is the same length, and divided into equal length double arm and unequal length double arm suspension system. The equal-length double wishbone suspension system can keep the kingpin Angle constant when the wheels jump up and down, but the wheel pitch varies greatly (similar to the single wishbone), causing serious tire wear, is now rarely used. For the unequal length of double wishbone suspension system, as long as the appropriate selection, optimization of the length of the upper and lower wishbone, and through reasonable layout, you can make the wheelbase and the front wheel positioning parameter changes are in an acceptable range of limits, to ensure the vehicle good driving stability. Unequal length double crossarm Suspension system has been widely used in the front and Rear Suspension system of cars, some sports cars and Car Rear wheels also use this kind of Car Rear Suspension Frame.

Multi-link suspension system

Multi - link suspension system is a suspension system which consists of 3-5 bars combined to control the position of the wheel. Multi-link type can make the wheel swing around the longitudinal axis of the car into two fixed Angle axis, is a compromise between the transverse arm and longitudinal arm, appropriately choose the axis of the swing arm and the longitudinal axis of the car included Angle formed by the axis can obtain the advantages of transverse arm and longitudinal arm suspension system to varying degrees, and can meet the different requirements of service performance. The main advantage of the multi-link suspension system is that there is little change in the wheelbase and front harness when the wheels are bouncing, regardless of whether the car is in drive or braking state can be carried out according to the driver's intention to steer smoothly, its disadvantage is that the car at high speed when the axle swing phenomenon.

Longitudinal arm suspension system

Longitudinal arm independent suspension system refers to the wheel in the longitudinal plane of the vehicle swing suspension system structure, and divided into single longitudinal arm and double longitudinal arm two forms. Single longitudinal arm suspension system when the wheel jump up and down will cause the kingpin rear Angle to produce a large change, so the single longitudinal arm suspension system steering wheel is not used. The two arms of a double-arm suspension system are usually of equal length, forming a parallel four-bar structure so that the kingpin's rear Angle remains the same as the wheel jumps up and down. This kind of Car Rear Suspension Frame is mostly applied to the steering wheel.

Candle suspension system

The structure of the candle suspension system features wheels moving up and down the axis of the kingpin, which is rigidly fixed to the frame. The advantage of the candle suspension system is that when the suspension system is deformed, the positioning Angle of the kingpin will not change, only the wheelbase and wheelbase change slightly, so it is especially beneficial to steam steering control is stable and the driving is stable. But the candle type suspension system has a big disadvantage: that is, the lateral force when the car is running will be all borne by the kingpin sleeve in the kingpin, resulting in increased friction resistance between the sleeve and the kingpin, wear is also more serious. This type of Car Rear Suspension Frame is now in use not much.